Profile of competencies and factors associated with the practice of preceptorship in health: an integrative review

revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: The preceptorship is configured as an educational practice that allows to ensure the continuous professional development, the safe, ethical and effective technique of health care. Objective: To better understand the aspects related to the profile of competencies and factors associated with the practice of preceptorship with a focus on professional education in health, an integrative literature review was conducted. Methodology: The databases were PubMed, Epistemonikos, LILACS and SciELO, considering the studies published between 2016 and 2022 with the descriptors: preceptorship, job description, professional training, teaching-care integration services and primary health care. Results: There was a higher percentage of young preceptors, between 31 and 48 years old, with post-graduation at the level of specialization and little pedagogical training for the exercise of preceptorship. The databases were PubMed, Epistemonikos, LILACS and SciELO. There was a higher percentage of young preceptors, between 31 and 48 years old, with post-graduation at the level of specialization and little pedagogical training for the exercise of preceptorship. The potentialities identified were: opportunity for development and learning; proactivity; motivation for work and to provide guidance to new staff and students. The weaknesses were: lack of infrastructure and working conditions; lack of training program to work in the health preceptory; lack of financial incentive; work overload; deficit in the educational process; and adversity with the health team. Conclusion: There are factors that potentiate and weaken the practice of preceptorship in health. It is necessary to advance in reflections on the qualification of preceptors in the light of new training models