Percepção de saúde e incapacidade funcional em indivíduos obesos antes e após cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

Introduction: It is important to know how much a chronic disease affects the functionality of the individual. Aims: to investigate the correlation between the self-perceived health and functional disability level in obese patients before and after bariatric surgery, as well as to identify the factors associated with functional disability. Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal study with 23 obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery type gastric bypass laparoscopic. Sociodemographic and anthropometric variables, lifestyle, complains of musculoskeletal pain, comorbidities, self-perceived health and functional disability were evaluated before surgery and three months later. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman's correlation and paired Student's t-test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: females with a mean age of 36.2 (SD = 8.1). There was a significant reduction in mean body weight, BMI, functional disability and pain level when compared before and after surgery (p = 0.00). Functional disability three months after surgery showed a low correlation with Body Mass Index (rs = 0.47, p = 0.002), and a moderate correlation with musculoskeletal pain level (rs = 0.53, p = 0, 00). The self-perception of health was evaluated as positive in only one third of the patients in the preoperative period, whereas in the final evaluation all the patients reported a positive perception about their health classifying it as good or excellent. Conclusions: The bariatric surgery seems to have been an effective treatment option for obese patients, which induced not only a reduction in body weight, but an overall improvement in the patients' functional capacity and health.