Elaboration of anatomical classification of plantar calosities in diabetic patients

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes is one of the most important health problems, both in terms of the number of people affected, disabled, mortality, costs and the treatment of its complications. Calluses, caused by plantar pressure that lead to Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU), are the beginning of the evolution of important diabetic-neuropathic foot infections, leading to serious infections and amputations. OBJECTIVE: This study is to create an anatomical classification of plantar calluses in diabetic patients. METHODOLOGY: An experimental study, carried out at the outpatient clinic of the Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Arapiraca, with 30 patients, 80% female, 36.7% aged between 51 and 60 years, 46.7% with completed secondary education, 83.3% married, 26.8% working as a domestic worker. RESULTS: Regarding the location of calluses, 61.7% were on the metatarsals, 46.7% had pes cavus and 66.7% had inappropriate use of shoes as a triggering factor. When applying the Numerical Pain Scale (END), it presented an average of 1.8 at rest and 6.3 after active movement. The SF-36 quality of life questionnaire showed an average score of 41.5% and the assessment of dependence using the Barthel Scale confirmed 64% with severe dependence. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the elaboration of an anatomical classification of plantar calluses constitutes a fundamentally important instrument for the implementation of the preventive process capable of indicating the necessary care, reducing the occurrence of injuries.