Prevalence of microorganisms causing nosocomial infections and antimicrobial susceptibility coeffcient in the UTI of the Santa Casa de Formiga/MG period from 2013 to 2017

Abstract

Introduction: Hospital infection is defined as any infection acquired after admission to a hospital. Since there is weakness in patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), infection control in this area is even more important due to the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant pathogens. Objectives: To determine the incidence of hospital infections in the ICU of Santa Casa de Formiga / MG, to identify the main etiological agents, antimicrobial susceptibility and aspects related to its prevalence. Methodology: An exploratory, retrospective study was carried out, where data from Santa Casa de Formiga / MG were collected from 2013 to 2017, referring to hospital infections in the adult ICU. Results: Among the indexes obtained, the most important microorganisms in ventilator - associated pneumonia were: Acinetobacter sp., followed by Enterobacter sp., the bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was atypcal isolated in 2017. In relation to urinary tract infections, the E. coli bacterium with Enterobacter sp. were the most prevalent. Referring to infections of the bloodstream, we highlight the coagulase negative Staphylococcus accompanied by Enterobacter sp. The antimicrobials that expressed higher sensitivity coefficient were vancomycin, polymyxin b, sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim and amikacin. Conclusion: according to the data analyzed it is possible to note that simple measures such as adequate hand washing, use of sanitizing substances for disinfection, among other measures could be effective in reducing cases of ICU contamination, as well as attenuation of hospital costs and length of hospital stay.

Keywords: UTI; Hospital infections; Microorganisms.